The name of this superfamily has been modified since the most recent official CATH+ release (v4_3_0). At the point of the last release, this superfamily was named:

"
Helix-loop-helix DNA-binding domain
".

Functional Families

Overview of the Structural Clusters (SC) and Functional Families within this CATH Superfamily. Clusters with a representative structure are represented by a filled circle.
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FunFam 48: DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID-4

Please note: GO annotations are assigned to the full protein sequence rather than individual protein domains. Since a given protein can contain multiple domains, it is possible that some of the annotations below come from additional domains that occur in the same protein, but have been classified elsewhere in CATH.

There are 5 GO terms relating to "molecular function"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Protein binding GO:0005515
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
26 P41139 (/IPI) P41139 (/IPI) P47928 (/IPI) P47928 (/IPI) P47928 (/IPI) P47928 (/IPI) P47928 (/IPI) P47928 (/IPI) P47928 (/IPI) P47928 (/IPI)
(16 more)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific GO:0000981
A protein or a member of a complex that interacts selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence (sometimes referred to as a motif) within the regulatory region of a RNA polymerase II-transcribed gene to modulate transcription. Regulatory regions include promoters (proximal and distal) and enhancers. Genes are transcriptional units.
24 P47928 (/ISM) P47928 (/ISM) P47928 (/ISM) P47928 (/ISM) P47928 (/ISM) P47928 (/ISM) P47928 (/ISM) P47928 (/ISM) P47928 (/ISM) P47928 (/ISM)
(14 more)
Transcription corepressor activity GO:0003714
A protein or a member of a complex that interacts specifically and non-covalently with a DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factor to repress the transcription of specific genes. Corepressors often act by altering chromatin structure and modifications. For example, one class of transcription coregulators modifies chromatin structure through covalent modification of histones. A second ATP-dependent class modifies the conformation of chromatin. A third class occludes DNA-binding transcription factor protein-protein interaction domains. A fourth class of corepressors prevents interactions of DNA bound DNA-binding transcription factor with coactivators.
24 P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS)
(14 more)
BHLH transcription factor binding GO:0043425
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any of the basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) superfamily of transcription factors, important regulatory components in transcriptional networks of many developmental pathways.
8 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6GL62 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q7ZXF3 (/ISS) Q7ZXF3 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding GO:0001085
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription by RNA polymerase II.
2 P41139 (/IPI) P41139 (/IPI)

There are 53 GO terms relating to "biological process"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II GO:0006357
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II.
24 P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS) P47928 (/TAS)
(14 more)
Negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0045892
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
24 P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA)
(14 more)
Negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II GO:0000122
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II.
6 P41139 (/IDA) P41139 (/IDA) Q7ZXF3 (/IDA) Q7ZXF3 (/IDA) Q9PWJ5 (/IDA) Q9PWJ5 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of gene expression GO:0010628
Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Negative regulation of gene expression GO:0010629
Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Regulation of circadian rhythm GO:0042752
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Negative regulation of neuron differentiation GO:0045665
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Positive regulation of blood pressure GO:0045777
Any process in which the force of blood traveling through the circulatory system is increased.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0045892
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0045893
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Embryonic digestive tract morphogenesis GO:0048557
The process in which the anatomical structures of the digestive tract are generated and organized during embryonic development. The digestive tract is the anatomical structure through which food passes and is processed.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:0048661
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Neuron fate commitment GO:0048663
The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a neuron.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Endodermal digestive tract morphogenesis GO:0061031
The process in which the anatomical structures of the endodermal digestive tract are generated and organized. The endodermal digestive tract includes those portions of the digestive tract that are derived from endoderm.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Positive regulation of cell cycle arrest GO:0071158
Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of cell cycle arrest, the process in which the cell cycle is halted during one of the normal phases.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Cellular senescence GO:0090398
A cell aging process stimulated in response to cellular stress, whereby normal cells lose the ability to divide through irreversible cell cycle arrest.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Negative regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation GO:2000178
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II GO:0000122
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II.
3 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS)
G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle GO:0000082
The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G1 commits to S phase. The process begins with the build up of G1 cyclin-dependent kinase (G1 CDK), resulting in the activation of transcription of G1 cyclins. The process ends with the positive feedback of the G1 cyclins on the G1 CDK which commits the cell to S phase, in which DNA replication is initiated.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Osteoblast differentiation GO:0001649
The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an osteoblast, a mesodermal or neural crest cell that gives rise to bone.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Neuroblast proliferation GO:0007405
The expansion of a neuroblast population by cell division. A neuroblast is any cell that will divide and give rise to a neuron.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Brain development GO:0007420
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Brain development begins with patterning events in the neural tube and ends with the mature structure that is the center of thought and emotion. The brain is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.).
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Circadian rhythm GO:0007623
Any biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.
2 P41139 (/IEP) P41139 (/IEP)
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation GO:0008284
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of gene expression GO:0010628
Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Myotube cell development GO:0014904
The process aimed at the progression of a myotube cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse.
2 Q9PWJ5 (/TAS) Q9PWJ5 (/TAS)
Hippocampus development GO:0021766
The progression of the hippocampus over time from its initial formation until its mature state.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Cerebral cortex neuron differentiation GO:0021895
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron residing in the cerebral cortex.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Central nervous system myelination GO:0022010
The process in which neuronal axons and dendrites become coated with a segmented lipid-rich sheath (myelin) to enable faster and more energetically efficient conduction of electrical impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Cellular protein localization GO:0034613
Any process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location at the level of a cell. Localization at the cellular level encompasses movement within the cell, from within the cell to the cell surface, or from one location to another at the surface of a cell.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Fat cell differentiation GO:0045444
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of fat cell differentiation GO:0045599
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of adipocyte differentiation.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of neuron differentiation GO:0045665
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0045892
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
2 P41139 (/ISO) P41139 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II GO:0045944
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
2 P41139 (/IGI) P41139 (/IGI)
Negative regulation of astrocyte differentiation GO:0048712
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte differentiation.
2 P41139 (/IGI) P41139 (/IGI)
Negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation GO:0048715
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Prostate gland morphogenesis GO:0060512
The process in which the anatomical structures of a prostate gland are generated and organized.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Prostate gland epithelium morphogenesis GO:0060740
The process in which the anatomical structures of epithelia of the prostate gland are generated and organized. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Prostate gland stromal morphogenesis GO:0060741
The process in which the prostate gland stroma is generated and organized. The prostate gland stroma is made up of the mesenchymal or fibroblast cells of the prostate gland.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Seminal vesicle morphogenesis GO:0061682
The process in which the anatomical structures of a seminal vesicle are generated and organized.
2 P41139 (/IMP) P41139 (/IMP)
Liver development GO:0001889
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the liver over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The liver is an exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes.
1 Q7SZQ2 (/IMP)
Atrioventricular valve development GO:0003171
The progression of the atrioventricular valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
1 Q32PN8 (/IMP)
Regulation of Wnt signaling pathway involved in heart development GO:0003307
Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, resulting a change in cell state that contributes to the progression of the heart over time.
1 Q32PN8 (/IMP)
Regulation of Notch signaling pathway GO:0008593
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the Notch signaling pathway.
1 Q7SZQ2 (/IGI)
Regulation of Notch signaling pathway GO:0008593
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the Notch signaling pathway.
1 Q7SZQ2 (/IMP)
Intra-S DNA damage checkpoint GO:0031573
A mitotic cell cycle checkpoint that slows DNA synthesis in response to DNA damage by the prevention of new origin firing and the stabilization of slow replication fork progression.
1 Q7SZQ2 (/IMP)
Atrioventricular canal development GO:0036302
The progression of the atrioventricular canal over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The atrioventricular canal is the part of the heart connecting the atrium to the cardiac ventricle.
1 Q32PN8 (/IMP)
Regulation of neuron differentiation GO:0045664
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation.
1 Q7SZQ2 (/IMP)
Regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation GO:0046532
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of photoreceptor cell differentiation. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
1 Q7SZQ2 (/IMP)
Dopaminergic neuron differentiation GO:0071542
The process in which a neuroblast acquires the specialized structural and functional features of a dopaminergic neuron, a neuron that secretes dopamine.
1 Q8QFX4 (/IMP)
Regulation of retina development in camera-type eye GO:1902866
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of retina development in camera-type eye.
1 Q7SZQ2 (/IMP)
Regulation of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis GO:2000495
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis.
1 Q7SZQ2 (/IMP)

There are 6 GO terms relating to "cellular component"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Nucleus GO:0005634
A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
26 P41139 (/IDA) P41139 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA) P47928 (/IDA)
(16 more)
Nucleus GO:0005634
A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
24 P47928 (/IC) P47928 (/IC) P47928 (/IC) P47928 (/IC) P47928 (/IC) P47928 (/IC) P47928 (/IC) P47928 (/IC) P47928 (/IC) P47928 (/IC)
(14 more)
Nucleus GO:0005634
A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Protein-containing complex GO:0032991
A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together.
5 Q66J78 (/ISS) Q66J78 (/ISS) Q6PBD7 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS) Q9PWJ5 (/ISS)
Nucleus GO:0005634
A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
2 P41139 (/ISO) P41139 (/ISO)
Cytoplasm GO:0005737
All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
2 P41139 (/IDA) P41139 (/IDA)
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