Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of endopeptidase activity, the endohydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins.

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of endopeptidase activity, the endohydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins.

The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as proteases, lipases, and inflammatory mediators by a neutrophil.

Any process that stops or reduces the rate of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 beta from a cell.

The directed killing of a target cell by a T cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors.

The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The gonad is an animal organ that produces gametes; in some species it also produces hormones.

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of endopeptidase activity, the endohydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins.

The process of protecting a cell from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity.

The multiplication or reproduction of pancreatic B cells, resulting in the expansion of an pancreatic B cell population. Pancreatic B cell are cells of the pancreas that secrete insulin.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a corticosterone stimulus. Corticosterone is a 21 carbon steroid hormone of the corticosteroid type, produced in the cortex of the adrenal glands. In many species, corticosterone is the principal glucocorticoid, involved in regulation of fuel metabolism, immune reactions, and stress responses.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell.

The process in which precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a hematopoietic progenitor cell, a class of cell types including myeloid progenitor cells and lymphoid progenitor cells.

The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.

The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound.

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo over time, from zygote formation until the end of the embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic life stage is organism-specific and may be somewhat arbitrary; for mammals it is usually considered to be birth, for insects the hatching of the first instar larva from the eggshell.

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of endopeptidase activity, the endohydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a progesterone stimulus.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta1.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals.

Signaling between cells of the same type. The signal produced by the signaling cell binds to a receptor on, and affects a cell of the same type.

The transfer of information from one cell to another, where the signal travels from the signal-producing cell to the receiving cell by passive diffusion or bulk flow in intercellular fluid. The signaling cell and the receiving cell are usually in the vicinity of each other.

The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury.

Any process that stops or reduces the activity of an enzyme.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by an estrogen, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus.

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of ions within an organism or cell.

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-negative bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism.

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-positive bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell.

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular mesangial cell proliferation.

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of amino acid within an organism or cell.

The attachment of an epithelial cell to another epithelial cell via adhesion molecules.

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the appearance of any platelet-derived growth factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.

The directed killing of a target cell by a T cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors.

An acute inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. An acute inflammatory response occurs within a matter of minutes or hours, and either resolves within a few days or becomes a chronic inflammatory response.

The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.

Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ultraviolet radiation (UV light) stimulus. Ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 to 380 nanometers.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a bacterium.

Any process that stops or reduces the rate of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins.

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state at the level of the cell.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta1.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals.

Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the host, where programmed cell death proceeds by apoptosis. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.

A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of interleukin-12 to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.

The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.

The process of protecting a cell from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity.

A process that solubilizes fibrin in the bloodstream of a multicellular organism, chiefly by the proteolytic action of plasmin.

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

The multiplication or reproduction of pancreatic B cells, resulting in the expansion of an pancreatic B cell population. Pancreatic B cell are cells of the pancreas that secrete insulin.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte differentiation.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 beta from a cell.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell death by apoptotic process.

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular mesangial cell proliferation.

The attachment of an epithelial cell to another epithelial cell via adhesion molecules.

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the appearance of any platelet-derived growth factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte apoptotic process.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte apoptotic process.

An extracellular matrix consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that provides not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents but can also initiate crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. The components are secreted by cells in the vicinity and form a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

The lipid bilayer surrounding a ficolin-1-rich granule.

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

The lipid bilayer surrounding a secretory granule.

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

The lipid bilayer surrounding a tertiary granule.

A heterodimeric protein complex that contains a serine protease inhibitor and a protease; formation of the complex inhibits serine protease activity.

That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope.

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).

A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.

A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy.

A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell.

The volume enclosed by the membrane of an early endosome.

Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane.

A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by maturation of an early phagosome following the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis; during maturation, phagosomes acquire markers of late endosomes and lysosomes.

The volume enclosed by the membrane of a secretory granule.

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane.

A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle that arises from the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis.

A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

A heterodimeric protein complex that contains a serine protease inhibitor and a protease; formation of the complex inhibits serine protease activity.

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.

A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy.

The volume enclosed within the lysosomal membrane.