The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids containing sulfur, comprising cysteine, homocysteine, methionine and selenocysteine.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including L-homoserine, via the intermediate cystathionine.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate cystathionine.

The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form N6-pyridoxal phosphate-L-lysine.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen sulfide, H2S.

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of homocysteine, the amino acid alpha-amino-gamma-mercaptobutanoic acid.

The modification of a protein amino acid by the addition of sulfur.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.

The chemical reactions and pathways involving methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including L-homoserine, via the intermediate cystathionine.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.

The interconversion of homocysteine and cysteine via cystathionine. In contrast with enteric bacteria and mammals, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two transsulfuration pathways employing two separate sets of enzymes.

The modification of a protein amino acid by the addition of sulfur.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine, the L-enantiomer of (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanoic acid, from simpler components.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids containing sulfur, comprising cysteine, methionine and selenocysteine.

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cysteine, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins; it has a specific role in the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxidized ascorbate, and it participates in the gamma-glutamyl cycle.

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins; it has a specific role in the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxidized ascorbate, and it participates in the gamma-glutamyl cycle.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form N6-pyridoxal phosphate-L-lysine.

The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form N6-pyridoxal phosphate-L-lysine.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including L-homoserine, via the intermediate cystathionine.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate cystathionine.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate cystathionine.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.

The interconversion of homocysteine and cysteine via cystathionine. In contrast with enteric bacteria and mammals, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two transsulfuration pathways employing two separate sets of enzymes.

The interconversion of homocysteine and cysteine via cystathionine. In contrast with enteric bacteria and mammals, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two transsulfuration pathways employing two separate sets of enzymes.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the presence of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or other ER-related stress; results in changes in the regulation of transcription and translation.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.

The modification of a protein amino acid by the addition of sulfur.

The modification of a protein amino acid by the addition of sulfur.

The chemical reactions and pathways involving homocysteine, the amino acid alpha-amino-gamma-mercaptobutanoic acid. Homocysteine is an important intermediate in the metabolic reactions of its S-methyl derivative, methionine.

The chemical reactions and pathways involving homocysteine, the amino acid alpha-amino-gamma-mercaptobutanoic acid. Homocysteine is an important intermediate in the metabolic reactions of its S-methyl derivative, methionine.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.

The formation of a protein homotetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated identical subunits.

The formation of a protein homotetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated identical subunits.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen sulfide, H2S.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen sulfide, H2S.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen sulfide, H2S.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a leukemia inhibitory factor stimulus.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway.

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

A chlorophyll-containing plastid with thylakoids organized into grana and frets, or stroma thylakoids, and embedded in a stroma.

A chlorophyll-containing plastid with thylakoids organized into grana and frets, or stroma thylakoids, and embedded in a stroma.

The space enclosed by the double membrane of a chloroplast but excluding the thylakoid space. It contains DNA, ribosomes and some temporary products of photosynthesis.

A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism.

The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).

A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.