The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.

The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules.

Any process in which a symbiont organism modulates the rate, frequency or extent of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction in its host organism. Nitric oxide mediated signal transduction is a series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of nitric oxide (NO).

Any process in which the symbiont modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase-mediated signal transduction in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.

Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytokine secretion in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.

The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of protein macromolecules within the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.

Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response of the host organism; the inflammatory response is the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.

A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.

A membrane-bounded organelle as it is found in the host cell in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).

The volume enclosed by the nuclear inner membrane.

All of the contents of a cilium, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the cilium.