The name of this superfamily has been modified since the most recent official CATH+ release (v4_4_0). At the point of the last release, this superfamily was named:

"
Interleukin-15/Interleukin-21
".

Functional Families

Overview of the Structural Clusters (SC) and Functional Families within this CATH Superfamily. Clusters with a representative structure are represented by a filled circle.
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FunFam 1: Interleukin

Please note: GO annotations are assigned to the full protein sequence rather than individual protein domains. Since a given protein can contain multiple domains, it is possible that some of the annotations below come from additional domains that occur in the same protein, but have been classified elsewhere in CATH.

There are 3 GO terms relating to "molecular function"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Protein binding GO:0005515
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
3 P40933 (/IPI) P40933 (/IPI) P40933 (/IPI)
Cytokine activity GO:0005125
Functions to control the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells.
2 P48346 (/IDA) P48346 (/IDA)
Cytokine activity GO:0005125
Functions to control the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells.
2 P48346 (/IMP) P48346 (/IMP)

There are 54 GO terms relating to "biological process"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Interleukin-15-mediated signaling pathway GO:0035723
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of interleukin-15 to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
23 B0ZE70 (/ISS) B3F0J0 (/ISS) O97687 (/ISS) P40221 (/ISS) P40221 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48346 (/ISS)
(13 more)
Neutrophil activation GO:0042119
The change in morphology and behavior of a neutrophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.
23 B0ZE70 (/ISS) B3F0J0 (/ISS) O97687 (/ISS) P40221 (/ISS) P40221 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48346 (/ISS)
(13 more)
Positive regulation of phagocytosis GO:0050766
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis.
23 B0ZE70 (/ISS) B3F0J0 (/ISS) O97687 (/ISS) P40221 (/ISS) P40221 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48346 (/ISS)
(13 more)
Positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0050731
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.
22 B0ZE70 (/ISS) B3F0J0 (/ISS) O97687 (/ISS) P40221 (/ISS) P40221 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48092 (/ISS) P48346 (/ISS)
(12 more)
Negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis GO:0120163
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of cold-induced thermogenesis.
4 P40933 (/ISS) P40933 (/ISS) P40933 (/ISS) P97604 (/ISS)
Immune response GO:0006955
Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat.
3 P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS)
Signal transduction GO:0007165
The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
3 P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS)
Tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein GO:0007260
The process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein.
3 P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA)
Cell-cell signaling GO:0007267
Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. This process includes signal transduction in the receiving cell and, where applicable, release of a ligand and any processes that actively facilitate its transport and presentation to the receiving cell. Examples include signaling via soluble ligands, via cell adhesion molecules and via gap junctions.
3 P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS)
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation GO:0008284
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
3 P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS)
Macrophage differentiation GO:0030225
The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of a macrophage.
3 P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of interleukin-17 production GO:0032740
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of any member of the interleukin-17 family of cytokines.
3 P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of tissue remodeling GO:0034105
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tissue remodeling.
3 P40933 (/IC) P40933 (/IC) P40933 (/IC)
Interleukin-15-mediated signaling pathway GO:0035723
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of interleukin-15 to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
3 P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA)
Interleukin-15-mediated signaling pathway GO:0035723
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of interleukin-15 to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
3 P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS)
Neutrophil activation GO:0042119
The change in morphology and behavior of a neutrophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.
3 P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050729
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response.
3 P40933 (/IC) P40933 (/IC) P40933 (/IC)
Positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0050731
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.
3 P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of phagocytosis GO:0050766
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis.
3 P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA)
NK T cell proliferation GO:0001866
The expansion of a NK T cell population by cell division.
2 P48346 (/IMP) P48346 (/IMP)
Tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein GO:0007260
The process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation GO:0008284
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Hyaluronan metabolic process GO:0030212
The chemical reactions and pathways involving hyaluronan, the naturally occurring anionic form of hyaluronic acid, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans, the repeat units of which consist of beta-1,4 linked D-glucuronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Macrophage differentiation GO:0030225
The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of a macrophage.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of interleukin-17 production GO:0032740
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of any member of the interleukin-17 family of cytokines.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation GO:0032819
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell proliferation.
2 P48346 (/IDA) P48346 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation GO:0032825
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation.
2 P48346 (/IDA) P48346 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation GO:0032825
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation.
2 P48346 (/IGI) P48346 (/IGI)
Positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation GO:0032825
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation.
2 P48346 (/IMP) P48346 (/IMP)
Interleukin-15-mediated signaling pathway GO:0035723
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of interleukin-15 to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0042102
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of T cell proliferation.
2 P48346 (/IMP) P48346 (/IMP)
Neutrophil activation GO:0042119
The change in morphology and behavior of a neutrophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein GO:0042531
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Extrathymic T cell selection GO:0045062
The process of T cell selection that occurs in extrathymic locations, often resulting T cells of distinct specificities from those selected in the thymus.
2 P48346 (/IMP) P48346 (/IMP)
Regulation of T cell differentiation GO:0045580
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation.
2 P48346 (/IMP) P48346 (/IMP)
Cell maturation GO:0048469
A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cell to attain its fully functional state.
2 P48346 (/IGI) P48346 (/IGI)
Lymph node development GO:0048535
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of lymph nodes over time, from their formation to the mature structure. A lymph node is a round, oval, or bean shaped structure localized in clusters along the lymphatic vessels, with a distinct internal structure including specialized vasculature and B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes.
2 P48346 (/IMP) P48346 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:0048662
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Regulation of defense response to virus by host GO:0050691
Any host process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the antiviral response of a host cell or organism.
2 P48346 (/IMP) P48346 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0050731
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of phagocytosis GO:0050766
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of immune response GO:0050778
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus.
2 P48346 (/IMP) P48346 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis GO:0120163
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of cold-induced thermogenesis.
2 P48346 (/IMP) P48346 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of protein O-linked glycosylation GO:1904100
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein O-linked glycosylation.
2 P48346 (/IMP) P48346 (/IMP)
Angiogenesis GO:0001525
Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels.
1 P97604 (/TAS)
Inflammatory response GO:0006954
The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.
1 P97604 (/IEP)
Aging GO:0007568
A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).
1 P97604 (/IEP)
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation GO:0008284
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
1 P97604 (/IMP)
Skeletal muscle atrophy GO:0014732
A process, occurring in skeletal muscle, that is characterized by a decrease in protein content, fiber diameter, force production and fatigue resistance in response to different conditions such as starvation, aging and disuse.
1 P97604 (/IEP)
Hyaluronan metabolic process GO:0030212
The chemical reactions and pathways involving hyaluronan, the naturally occurring anionic form of hyaluronic acid, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans, the repeat units of which consist of beta-1,4 linked D-glucuronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.
1 P97604 (/IDA)
Response to nutrient levels GO:0031667
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients.
1 P97604 (/IEP)
Positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein GO:0042531
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein.
1 P97604 (/IDA)
Negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:0048662
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.
1 P97604 (/IMP)
Cellular response to vitamin D GO:0071305
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin D stimulus.
1 P97604 (/IEP)

There are 17 GO terms relating to "cellular component"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Extracellular region GO:0005576
The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
5 P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS) P48346 (/TAS) P48346 (/TAS)
Extracellular region GO:0005576
The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
3 P40933 (/NAS) P40933 (/NAS) P40933 (/NAS)
Extracellular space GO:0005615
That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
3 P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS)
Nucleoplasm GO:0005654
That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.
3 P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA)
Cytoplasm GO:0005737
All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
3 P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS)
Endosome GO:0005768
A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.
3 P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS)
Golgi apparatus GO:0005794
A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.
3 P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS) P40933 (/TAS)
Cytosol GO:0005829
The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
3 P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA)
Nuclear speck GO:0016607
A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy.
3 P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA) P40933 (/IDA)
Extracellular space GO:0005615
That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Nucleoplasm GO:0005654
That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Cytoplasm GO:0005737
All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
2 P48346 (/IDA) P48346 (/IDA)
Cytosol GO:0005829
The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Cell surface GO:0009986
The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Nuclear speck GO:0016607
A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy.
2 P48346 (/ISO) P48346 (/ISO)
Extracellular space GO:0005615
That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
1 P97604 (/IDA)
Cell surface GO:0009986
The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
1 P97604 (/IDA)
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