The proteolytic processing of an inactive enzyme to an active form.

The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus.

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

The process in which an angiotensin-mediated signaling system present in the brain regulates the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system.

A series of reactions that takes place outside the cell initiated by the action of tissue (glandular) kallikreins on low molecular weight kininogen in response to tissue damage. Tissue kallikreins are present in glandular tissues and their fluids, such as the salivary glands, sweat glands, pancreas, and kidney. The ultimate products of the tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade include kallidin and bradykinin, agents known to induce smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability.

The synthesis or release of an antibacterial peptide during an immune response, resulting in an increase in intracellular or extracellular levels.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the peptide hormone bradykinin.

The process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the systemic arterial circulatory system. The process is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure.

The process in which the anatomical structures of left cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized.

The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.

Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of angiogenesis.

A process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix.

An increase in the internal diameter of blood vessels, especially arterioles or capillaries, due to relaxation of smooth muscle cells that line the vessels, and usually resulting in a decrease in blood pressure.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity.

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vasoconstriction.

Muscle contraction of cardiac muscle tissue.

The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.

That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together.

That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

A structure in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases, and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. It lies just beneath the plasma membrane and is derived from the lysosome.

The region of a polarized cell that forms a tip or is distal to a base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the apical region has an exposed surface and lies opposite to the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue.

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together.