The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.

The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.

The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.

The process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. In eukaryotes, chromosome segregation begins with the condensation of chromosomes, includes chromosome separation, and ends when chromosomes have completed movement to the spindle poles.

The process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex.

The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell and its separation into two daughter cells.

A mitotic cell cycle process that controls cell cycle progression in response to changes in DNA structure by monitoring the integrity of the DNA. The DNA integrity checkpoint begins with detection of DNA damage, defects in DNA structure or DNA replication, and ends with signal transduction.

The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the first division of the meiotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner; this pairing off, referred to as synapsis, permits genetic recombination. One homolog (both sister chromatids) of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets.

The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids are organized and then physically separated and randomly apportioned to two sets during the second division of the meiotic cell cycle.

The controlled breakdown of the spindle during a mitotic cell cycle.

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint, a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a mitotic nuclear division until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic spindle assembly.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, and that occurs as a response to the mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint. In S. cerevisiae, this process involves inhibition of the karyopherin/importin Kap121p (also known as Pse1p), which acts as the specific nuclear import receptor for several proteins, including Glc7p. Glc7p functions in opposition to key spindle assembly checkpoint protein Aurora kinase (Ipl1p).

The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the mitotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner. One homolog of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets.

A cell cycle process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after mitosis, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells.

A cell cycle process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after mitosis, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells.

Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic chromatin.

The cell cycle process in which chromatin structure is compacted prior to and during mitosis in eukaryotic cells.

The modification of histones by addition of phosphate groups.

The progressive compaction of dispersed interphase chromatin into threadlike chromosomes prior to mitotic or meiotic nuclear division, or during apoptosis, in eukaryotic cells.

The self-renewing division of a germline stem cell in the female gonad, to produce a daughter stem cell and a daughter germ cell, which will divide to form the female gametes.

The process by which the midbody, the cytoplasmic bridge that connects the two prospective daughter cells, is severed at the end of mitotic cytokinesis, resulting in two separate daughter cells.

The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the mitotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner. One homolog of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets.

The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the mitotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner. One homolog of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets.

A cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a mitotic nuclear division until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle.

Any signalling pathway that activates or increases the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to M phase of the mitotic cell cycle.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus.

A cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a meiotic cell cycle until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle.

Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the kinetochore.

Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the rDNA repeats on a chromosome in the nucleolus.

The cell cycle process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex contributing to meiotic chromosome segregation.

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint, a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a mitotic nuclear division until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle.

The cell cycle process that corrects the anomalous association of a single chromatid kinetochore with meiotic spindle microtubules emanating from both spindle poles at meiosis I.

The cell cycle process that corrects the anomalous association of a single chromatid kinetochore with mitotic spindle microtubules emanating from both spindle poles (otherwise known as merotelic attachment to the spindle).

The process whereby the mitotic telomeres are gathered together during, or prior to, attachment to the nuclear envelope.

The mitotic cell cycle process where kinetochore microtubule attachment defects are corrected.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinesis.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic chromosome condensation.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of kinetochore assembly.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic sister chromatid arm separation.

A eukaryotically conserved protein complex that localizes to kinetochores in early mitosis, the spindle mid-zone in anaphase B and to the telophase midbody. It has been proposed that the passenger complex coordinates various events based on its location to different structures during the course of mitosis. Complex members include the BIR-domain-containing protein Survivin, Aurora kinase, INCENP and Borealin.

The array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during mitosis or meiosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart.

The area in the center of the spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap.

A multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of a condensed nuclear chromosome and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules.

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

Any of the spindle microtubules that attach to the kinetochores of chromosomes by their plus ends, and maneuver the chromosomes during mitotic or meiotic chromosome segregation.

Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle.

Any microtubule that is part of a mitotic or meiotic spindle; anchored at one spindle pole.

The region of a chromosome that includes the centromeric DNA and associated proteins. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome.

The area in the center of the meiotic spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap.

A multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules.

The region of a condensed nuclear chromosome that includes the centromere and associated proteins, including the kinetochore. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome.

A thin cytoplasmic bridge formed between daughter cells at the end of cytokinesis. The midbody forms where the contractile ring constricts, and may persist for some time before finally breaking to complete cytokinesis.

The terminal region of a linear nuclear chromosome that includes the telomeric DNA repeats and associated proteins.

The region of a condensed nuclear chromosome kinetochore closest to centromeric DNA; this layer may help define underlying centromeric chromatin structure and position of the kinetochore on the chromosome.

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

A spindle that forms as part of meiosis. Several proteins, such as budding yeast Spo21p, fission yeast Spo2 and Spo13, and C. elegans mei-1, localize specifically to the meiotic spindle and are absent from the mitotic spindle.

The area in the center of the anaphase spindle consisting of microtubules, microtubule bundling factors and kinesin motors where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap in an antiparallel manner.

The area in the center of the anaphase spindle consisting of microtubules, microtubule bundling factors and kinesin motors where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap in an antiparallel manner.