The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo sac over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The process begins with the meiosis of the megasporocyte to form four haploid megaspores. Three of the megaspores disintegrate, and the fourth undergoes mitosis giving rise to a binucleate syncytial embryo sac. The two haploid nuclei migrate to the opposite poles of the embryo sac and then undergo two rounds of mitosis generating four haploid nuclei at each pole. One nucleus from each set of four migrates to the center of the cell. Cellularization occurs, resulting in an eight-nucleate seven-celled structure. This structure contains two synergid cells and an egg cell at the micropylar end, and three antipodal cells at the other end. A binucleate endosperm mother cell is formed at the center. The two polar nuclei fuse resulting in a mononucleate diploid endosperm mother cell. The three antipodal cells degenerate.

The process in which the microsporocyte undergoes meiosis, giving rise to four haploid microspores.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of auxins, plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth.

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the floral organ over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.