The name of this superfamily has been modified since the most recent official CATH+ release (v4_4_0). At the point of the last release, this superfamily was named:

"
Cystine-knot cytokines
".

Functional Families

Overview of the Structural Clusters (SC) and Functional Families within this CATH Superfamily. Clusters with a representative structure are represented by a filled circle.
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FunFam 12: Growth/differentiation factor 9 (Predicted)

Please note: GO annotations are assigned to the full protein sequence rather than individual protein domains. Since a given protein can contain multiple domains, it is possible that some of the annotations below come from additional domains that occur in the same protein, but have been classified elsewhere in CATH.

There are 2 GO terms relating to "molecular function"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Growth factor activity GO:0008083
The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation.
3 O60383 (/TAS) Q9QYW4 (/TAS) Q9Z0X3 (/TAS)
Transforming growth factor beta receptor binding GO:0005160
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the transforming growth factor beta receptor.
1 P92172 (/ISS)

There are 48 GO terms relating to "biological process"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Oocyte maturation GO:0001556
A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an oocyte to attain its fully functional state. Oocyte maturation commences after reinitiation of meiosis commonly starting with germinal vesicle breakdown, and continues up to the second meiotic arrest prior to fertilization.
4 F1QA78 (/IDA) Q08CT4 (/IDA) Q0VG66 (/IDA) Q58FS4 (/IDA)
Oocyte maturation GO:0001556
A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an oocyte to attain its fully functional state. Oocyte maturation commences after reinitiation of meiosis commonly starting with germinal vesicle breakdown, and continues up to the second meiotic arrest prior to fertilization.
4 F1QA78 (/IMP) Q08CT4 (/IMP) Q0VG66 (/IMP) Q58FS4 (/IMP)
Female sex differentiation GO:0046660
The establishment of the sex of a female organism by physical differentiation.
4 F1QA78 (/IMP) Q08CT4 (/IMP) Q0VG66 (/IMP) Q58FS4 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of oocyte development GO:0060283
Any process that decreases the rate or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.
4 F1QA78 (/IMP) Q08CT4 (/IMP) Q0VG66 (/IMP) Q58FS4 (/IMP)
Ovarian cumulus expansion GO:0001550
Increase in size of the cumulus surrounding the oocyte including change in morphology due to proliferation and dispersion of cumulus cells.
2 Q6GUA6 (/IMP) Q8WMY6 (/IMP)
Oocyte growth GO:0001555
The developmental growth process in which an oocyte irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present.
2 Q07105 (/IMP) Q07105 (/IMP)
Female gamete generation GO:0007292
Generation of the female gamete; specialised haploid cells produced by meiosis and along with a male gamete takes part in sexual reproduction.
2 O60383 (/TAS) O95972 (/TAS)
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation GO:0008284
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
2 Q07105 (/ISO) Q07105 (/ISO)
Female sex determination GO:0030237
The specification of female sex of an individual organism.
2 Q32PR5 (/IMP) Q5MD90 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of cell growth GO:0030308
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.
2 Q07105 (/IMP) Q07105 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0045893
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
2 E9PTU9 (/IDA) Q9WUW1 (/IDA)
Regulation of progesterone secretion GO:2000870
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of progesterone secretion.
2 Q07105 (/ISO) Q07105 (/ISO)
Blastocyst development GO:0001824
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the blastocyst over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammalian blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells containing two cell types, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm.
1 Q6GUA6 (/IMP)
Transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway GO:0007179
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
1 P92172 (/ISS)
Transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway GO:0007179
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
1 O60383 (/TAS)
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation GO:0008284
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
1 O60383 (/IDA)
Determination of adult lifespan GO:0008340
The control of viability and duration in the adult phase of the life-cycle.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Response to temperature stimulus GO:0009266
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a temperature stimulus.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of gene expression GO:0010628
Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of gene expression GO:0010629
Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Detection of bacterium GO:0016045
The series of events in which a stimulus from a bacterium is received and converted into a molecular signal.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Larval feeding behavior GO:0030536
Feeding behavior in a larval (immature) organism.
1 P92172 (/IGI)
Larval feeding behavior GO:0030536
Feeding behavior in a larval (immature) organism.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Detection of molecule of bacterial origin GO:0032490
The series of events in which a stimulus from a molecule of bacterial origin is received and converted into a molecular signal.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Embryonic cleavage GO:0040016
The first few specialized divisions of an activated animal egg.
1 Q6GUA6 (/IMP)
Dauer larval development GO:0040024
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dauer larva over time, through the facultative diapause of the dauer (enduring) larval stage, with specialized traits adapted for dispersal and long-term survival, with elevated stress resistance and without feeding.
1 P92172 (/IGI)
Dauer larval development GO:0040024
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dauer larva over time, through the facultative diapause of the dauer (enduring) larval stage, with specialized traits adapted for dispersal and long-term survival, with elevated stress resistance and without feeding.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Regulation of pharyngeal pumping GO:0043051
Any process that modulates the contraction and relaxation movements of the pharyngeal muscle that mediates feeding in nematodes.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Dauer entry GO:0043053
Entry into the facultative diapause of the dauer (enduring) larval stage of nematode development.
1 P92172 (/IGI)
Positive regulation of MAP kinase activity GO:0043406
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase activity.
1 Q6GUA6 (/IMP)
Post-translational protein modification GO:0043687
The process of covalently altering one or more amino acids in a protein after the protein has been completely translated and released from the ribosome.
1 O95972 (/TAS)
Cellular protein metabolic process GO:0044267
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification.
1 O95972 (/TAS)
Positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity GO:0045737
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CDK activity.
1 Q6GUA6 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0045893
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
1 Q9Z0L4 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II GO:0045944
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Defense response to Gram-negative bacterium GO:0050829
Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-negative bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism.
1 P92172 (/IEP)
Defense response to Gram-negative bacterium GO:0050829
Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-negative bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism.
1 P92172 (/IGI)
Defense response to Gram-negative bacterium GO:0050829
Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-negative bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Regulation of dauer larval development GO:0061065
Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of dauer larval development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dauer larva over time, through the facultative diapause of the dauer (enduring) larval stage, with specialized traits adapted for dispersal and long-term survival, with elevated stress resistance and without feeding.
1 P92172 (/IGI)
Regulation of dauer larval development GO:0061065
Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of dauer larval development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dauer larva over time, through the facultative diapause of the dauer (enduring) larval stage, with specialized traits adapted for dispersal and long-term survival, with elevated stress resistance and without feeding.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of dauer larval development GO:0061067
Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of dauer larval development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dauer larva over time, through the facultative diapause of the dauer (enduring) larval stage, with specialized traits adapted for dispersal and long-term survival, with elevated stress resistance and without feeding.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Cellular response to cGMP GO:0071321
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cGMP (cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Cellular response to pheromone GO:0071444
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pheromone stimulus.
1 P92172 (/IGI)
Positive regulation of oocyte maturation GO:1900195
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oocyte maturation.
1 Q6GUA6 (/IMP)
Regulation of eating behavior GO:1903998
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of eating behavior.
1 P92172 (/IGI)
Regulation of eating behavior GO:1903998
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of eating behavior.
1 P92172 (/IMP)
Regulation of progesterone secretion GO:2000870
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of progesterone secretion.
1 O60383 (/IDA)
Regulation of progesterone secretion GO:2000870
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of progesterone secretion.
1 O60383 (/IMP)

There are 4 GO terms relating to "cellular component"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Cytoplasm GO:0005737
All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
5 Q07105 (/IDA) Q07105 (/IDA) Q6GUA6 (/IDA) Q8WMY6 (/IDA) Q9Z0L4 (/IDA)
Extracellular space GO:0005615
That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
1 P92172 (/IDA)
Extracellular space GO:0005615
That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
1 P92172 (/ISS)
Endoplasmic reticulum lumen GO:0005788
The volume enclosed by the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum.
1 O95972 (/TAS)
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