Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II.

An acute behavioral change resulting from a perceived external threat.

A behavioral interaction between organisms in which one organism has the intention of inflicting physical damage on another individual.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Brain development begins with patterning events in the neural tube and ends with the mature structure that is the center of thought and emotion. The brain is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.).

The series of events required for an organism to receive a visual stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Visual stimuli are detected in the form of photons and are processed to form an image.

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

The orderly movement of a glial cell, non-neuronal cells that provide support and nutrition, maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and participate in signal transmission in the nervous system.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dentate gyrus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dentate gyrus is one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus. It contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus.

The progression of the amygdala over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The amygdala is an almond-shaped set of neurons in the medial temporal lobe of the brain that play a key role in processing emotions such as fear and pleasure.

The progression of the olfactory bulb over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory bulb coordinates neuronal signaling involved in the perception of smell. It receives input from the sensory neurons and outputs to the olfactory cortex.

The detachment of cells from radial glial fibers at the appropriate time when they cease to migrate and form distinct layer in the cerebral cortex.

The process in which nerve cells are generated in the forebrain. This includes the production of neuroblasts from and their differentiation into neurons.

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron residing in the cerebral cortex.

Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in one half of the cerebral cortex towards target cells in the contralateral half. This axonal process is a member of those that make up the anterior commissure, a small midline fiber tract that lies at the anterior end of the corpus callosum.

The progression of the cerebral cortex over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The cerebral cortex is the outer layered region of the telencephalon.

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an extracellular matrix.

Any process by which an organism retains a population of somatic stem cells, undifferentiated cells in the embryo or adult which can undergo unlimited division and give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line.

Behavior directed towards society, or taking place between members of the same species. Occurs predominantly, or only, in individuals that are part of a group.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the camera-type eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The camera-type eye is an organ of sight that receives light through an aperture and focuses it through a lens, projecting it on a photoreceptor field.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

The commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a cell (the initial one-cell zygote) or within a developmental field.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation.

Any process that activates or increases angiogenesis.

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte differentiation.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite morphogenesis.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The retina is the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates.

The process controlling the activation and/or rate at which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires features of a neuron.

A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the increase in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis. Cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis is the orderly movement of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels contributing to the process of sprouting angiogenesis.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell proliferation.

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.