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CATH Superfamily 1.10.600.10

Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase

The name of this superfamily has been modified since the most recent official CATH+ release (v4_4_0). At the point of the last release, this superfamily was named:

"
Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase
".

Functional Families

Overview of the Structural Clusters (SC) and Functional Families within this CATH Superfamily. Clusters with a representative structure are represented by a filled circle.
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FunFam 5: Ent-kaur-16-ene synthase, chloroplastic

There are 20 EC terms in this cluster

Please note: EC annotations are assigned to the full protein sequence rather than individual protein domains. Since a given protein can contain multiple domains, it is possible that some of the annotations below come from additional domains that occur in the same protein, but have been classified elsewhere in CATH.

Note: The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.

EC Term Annotations Evidence
Syn-pimara-7,15-diene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.35]
9-alpha-copalyl diphosphate = 9-beta-pimara-7,15-diene + diphosphate.
  • A class I terpene synthase.
  • 9-beta-pimara-7,15-diene is a precursor of momilactones A and B, rice diterpenoid phytoalexins that are produced in response to attack (by a pathogen, elicitor or UV irradiation) and are involved in the defense mechanism of the plant.
  • Momilactone B can also act as an allochemical, being constitutively produced in the root of the plant and secreted to the rhizosphere where it suppresses the growth of neighboring plants and soil microorganisms.
 5 A0A0E0HNW1 A0A0E0HNW1 Q0JEZ8 Q66QH3 Q66QH3
(+)-car-3-ene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.107]
Geranyl diphosphate = (+)-car-3-ene + diphosphate.
  • The enzyme reacts with (3S)-linalyl diphosphate twice as rapidly as geranyl diphosphate, but 25 times as rapidly as (3R)-linalyl diphosphate.
  • It is assumed that (3S)-linalyl diphosphate is normally formed as an enzyme bound intermediate in the reaction.
  • In the reaction the 5-pro-R hydrogen of geranyl diphosphate is eliminated during cyclopropane ring formation.
  • In Picea abies (Norway spruce) and Picea sitchensis (Sitka spruce) terpinolene is also formed.
  • See EC 4.2.3.113.
  • (+)-car-3-ene is associated with resistance of Picea sitchensis (Sitka spruce) to white pine weevil.
 5 C7ASI9 F1CKI6 F1CKI8 F1CKI9 Q84SM8
Alpha-farnesene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.46]
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate = (3E,6E)-alpha-farnesene + diphosphate.
    		 5 A0A1S2XAE3 A0A1S2XAE3 B2KSJ6 B2KSJ6 Q84KL5
    Ent-kaurene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.19]
    Ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-kaurene + diphosphate.
    • Part of a bifunctional enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of ent- kaurene.
    • See also EC 5.5.1.13.
    		 5 A0A178WDK0 A0A178WDK0 Q0JA82 Q9SAK2 Q9SAK2
    Tricyclene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.105]
    Geranyl diphosphate = tricyclene + diphosphate.
    • The enzyme from Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) gives a mixture of tricyclene, camphene, beta-myrcene, limonene, and traces of several other monoterpenoids.
    • See EC 4.2.3.117, EC 4.2.3.15 and EC 4.2.3.16.
    		 3 Q84NC8 Q84NC9 Q84ND0
    Ent-isokaurene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.103]
    Ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-isokaurene + diphosphate.
    • Two enzymes of the rice sub-species Oryza sativa subsp. indica, OsKSL5 and OsKSL6, produce ent-isokaurene.
    • A variant of OsKSL5 from the sub-species Oryza sativa subsp. japonica produces ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene instead (cf. EC 4.2.3.30).
    • Formerly EC 4.2.3.n8.
    		 2 A4KAG7 A4KAG8
    Myrcene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.15]
    Geranyl diphosphate = myrcene + diphosphate.
    • Mg(2+) is essentially ineffective as the divalent metal ion cofactor.
    • Formerly EC 4.1.99.9.
    		 2 Q84NC9 Q84ND0
    Ent-cassa-12,15-diene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.28]
    Ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-cassa-12,15-diene + diphosphate.
    • This class I diterpene cyclase produces ent-cassa-12,15-diene, a precursor of the rice phytoalexins (-)-phytocassanes A-E. Phytoalexins are diterpenoid secondary metabolites that are involved in the defense mechanism of the plant, and are produced in response to pathogen attack through the perception of elicitor signal molecules such as chitin oligosaccharide, or after exposure to UV irradiation.
    		 2 Q00G37 Q0E088
    (+)-alpha-pinene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.121]
    Geranyl diphosphate = (+)-alpha-pinene + diphosphate.
    • Cyclase I of Salvia officinalis (sage) gives about equal parts (+)- alpha-pinene and (+)-camphene, whereas cyclase III gives about equal parts of (+)-alpha-pinene and (+)-beta-pinene.
    • (3R)-linalyl diphosphate can also be used by the enzyme in preference to (3S)-linalyl diphosphate.
    • The 4-pro-R hydrogen of geranyl diphosphate is lost.
    • With synthase II of Pinus taeda (loblolly pine) (+)-beta-pinene was the only product.
    • See also EC 4.2.3.122 and EC 4.2.3.116.
    		 1 Q84KL3
    (3R,6E)-nerolidol synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.49]
    (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + H(2)O = (3R,6E)-nerolidol + diphosphate.
    • The enzyme catalyzes a step in the formation of (3E)-4,8-dimethyl- 1,3,7-nonatriene, a key signal molecule in induced plant defense mediated by the attraction of enemies of herbivores (1).
    • Nerolidol is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene found in the essential oils of many types of plants.
    		 1 Q84ZW8
    Ent-sandaracopimaradiene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.29]
    Ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-sandaracopimara-8(14),15-diene + diphosphate.
    • Ent-sandaracopimaradiene is a precursor of the rice oryzalexins A-F.
    • Phytoalexins are diterpenoid secondary metabolites that are involved in the defense mechanism of the plant, and are produced in response to pathogen attack through the perception of elicitor signal molecules such as chitin oligosaccharide, or after exposure to UV irradiation.
    • As a minor product, this enzyme also forms ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene, which is the sole product of EC 4.2.3.30.
    • Ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene is not a precursor in the biosynthesis of either gibberellins or phytoalexins.
    		 1 Q2QQJ5
    Farnesyl diphosphatase. [EC: 3.1.7.6]
    (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + H(2)O = (2E,6E)-farnesol + diphosphate.
    • The enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of acyclic sesquiterpenoids.
    		 1 Q84ZW8
    S-linalool synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.25]
    Geranyl diphosphate + H(2)O = (3S)-linalool + diphosphate.
    • Neither (S)- nor (R)-linalyl diphosphate can act as substrate for the enzyme from Clarkia breweri.
    • Unlike many other monoterpene synthases, only a single product, (3S)- linalool, is formed.
    		 1 Q84UV0
    Gamma-curcumene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.94]
    (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate = gamma-curcumene + diphosphate.
    • One of five sesquiterpenoid synthases in Pogostemon cablin (patchouli).
    		 1 Q2QQJ5
    Beta-farnesene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.47]
    (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate = (E)-beta-farnesene + diphosphate.
      		 1 Q84ZW8
      (-)-alpha-terpineol synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.111]
      Geranyl diphosphate + H(2)O = (-)-alpha-terpineol + diphosphate.
      • The enzyme has been characterized from Vitis vinifera (grape).
      • Also forms some 1,8-cineole and traces of other monoterpenoids.
      		 1 Q84KL4
      (E)-beta-ocimene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.106]
      Geranyl diphosphate = (E)-beta-ocimene + diphosphate.
      • Widely distributed in plants, which release beta-ocimene when attacked by herbivorous insects.
      		 1 Q84NC8
      Ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.30]
      Ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene + diphosphate.
      • Unlike EC 4.2.3.29 which can produce both ent-sandaracopimaradiene and ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene, this diterpene cyclase produces only ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene.
      • Ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene is not a precursor in the biosynthesis of either gibberellins or phytoalexins.
      		 1 Q6Z5J6
      (-)-alpha-pinene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.119]
      Geranyl-diphosphate = (-)-alpha-pinene + diphosphate.
      • Cyclase II of Salvia officinalis (sage) gives about equal parts (-)- alpha-pinene, (-)-beta-pinene and (-)-camphene, plus traces of other monoterpenoids.
      • (3S)-linalyl diphosphate can also be used by the enzyme in preference to (3R)-linalyl diphosphate.
      • The 4-pro-S hydrogen of geranyl diphosphate is lost.
      • The enzyme from Abies grandis (grand fir) gives roughly equal parts (-)-alpha-pinene and (-)-beta-pinene.
      • However the clone ag11 gave 35% (-)-limonene, 24% (-)-alpha-pinene and 20% (-)-beta-phellandrene.
      • Synthase I from Pinus taeda (loblolly pine) produces (-)-alpha-pinene with traces of (-)-beta-pinene.
      • The enzyme from Picea sitchensis (Sika spruce) forms 70% (-)-alpha- pinene and 30% (-)-beta-pinene.
      • The recombinant PmeTPS1 enzyme from Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas fir) gave roughly equal proportions of (-)-alpha-pinene and (-)- camphene plus traces of other monoterpenoids.
      • See also EC 4.2.3.120, EC 4.2.3.117, EC 4.2.3.16 and EC 4.2.3.52.
      • Formerly EC 4.1.99.8, EC 4.2.3.14 and EC 4.2.3.n7.
      		 1 Q84KL6
      Stemar-13-ene synthase. [EC: 4.2.3.33]
      9-alpha-copalyl diphosphate = stemar-13-ene + diphosphate.
      • This diterpene cyclase produces stemar-13-ene, a putative precursor of the rice phytoalexin oryzalexin S.
      • Phytoalexins are diterpenoid secondary metabolites that are involved in the defense mechanism of the plant, and are produced in response to pathogen attack through the perception of elicitor signal molecules such as chitin oligosaccharide, or after exposure to UV irradiation.
      		 1 Q6BDZ9
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