Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a virus that act to protect the cell or organism.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a virus.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a bacterium.

Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a virus or viral RNA binding to a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) located in the cytoplasm. Cytosolic PRRs such as RIG-I (DDX58) and MDA-5 (IFIH1) detect RNA synthesized during active viral replication and trigger a signaling pathway to protect the host against viral infection, for example by inducing the expression of antiviral cytokines.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.

Any process that initiates an innate immune response. Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. Examples of this process include activation of the hypersensitive response of Arabidopsis thaliana and activation of any NOD or TLR signaling pathway in vertebrate species.

Any host process that results in the promotion of antiviral immune response mechanisms, thereby limiting viral replication.

Any host process that results in the promotion of antiviral immune response mechanisms, thereby limiting viral replication.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid dendritic cell cytokine production.

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-alpha production.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta production.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta secretion.

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism.

Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant.

The regulated release of cytokines from a cell. Cytokines are any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of a response to cytokine stimulus.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an exogenous double-stranded RNA stimulus.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peroxisome organization.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of interferon-alpha secretion.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tumor necrosis factor secretion.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-6 secretion.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.

Any process that initiates an innate immune response. Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. Examples of this process include activation of the hypersensitive response of Arabidopsis thaliana and activation of any NOD or TLR signaling pathway in vertebrate species.

Any host process that results in the promotion of antiviral immune response mechanisms, thereby limiting viral replication.

Any host process that results in the promotion of antiviral immune response mechanisms, thereby limiting viral replication.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid dendritic cell cytokine production.

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of type I interferon production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of type I interferon production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-alpha production.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-alpha production.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-alpha production.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta production.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta production.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta production.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-8 production.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-8 production.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta secretion.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta secretion.

Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor (PRR) RIG-1 (also known as DDX58) binding to viral RNA. RIG-I detects RNA synthesized during active viral replication and triggers a signaling pathway to protect the host against viral infection, for example by inducing the expression of antiviral cytokines.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of movement of proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of movement of proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism.

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication.

Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.

Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.

Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a virus that act to protect the cell or organism.

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway. A type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway is the series of molecular events generated as a consequence of a type I interferon binding to a cell surface receptor.

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway. A type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway is the series of molecular events generated as a consequence of a type I interferon binding to a cell surface receptor.

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of a response to cytokine stimulus.

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of a response to cytokine stimulus.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an exogenous double-stranded RNA stimulus.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an exogenous double-stranded RNA stimulus.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of IP-10.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of IP-10.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peroxisome organization.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of interferon-alpha secretion.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of interferon-alpha secretion.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tumor necrosis factor secretion.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tumor necrosis factor secretion.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-6 secretion.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-6 secretion.

A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope.

Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope.

The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope.

A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism.

The lipid bilayer surrounding a peroxisome.

The lipid bilayer surrounding a peroxisome.

Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope.

Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope.