Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitosis.

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a fungus that act to protect the cell or organism.

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any amino sugar, sugars containing an amino group in place of a hydroxyl group.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a virus.

The salicylic acid mediated response to a pathogen which confers broad spectrum resistance.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethylene (ethene) stimulus.

A response of an organism to a fungus that prevents the occurrence or spread of disease.

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a fungus that act to protect the cell or organism.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a herbivore.

A response to protect an organism from a directly detected or perceived external threat from an insect or insects to that organism.

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any amino sugar, sugars containing an amino group in place of a hydroxyl group.

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any amino sugar, sugars containing an amino group in place of a hydroxyl group.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cadmium (Cd) ion stimulus.

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol.

The lipid bilayer surrounding the vacuole and separating its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell.

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.