Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral transcription.

Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.

The formation of a protein trimer, a macromolecular structure consisting of three noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits.

The regulated release of interferon-gamma from a cell.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity.

The process of formation of spermatozoa, including spermatocytogenesis and spermiogenesis.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production.

The actin nucleation process in which actin monomers combine to form a new branch on the side of an existing actin filament; mediated by the Arp2/3 protein complex and its interaction with other proteins.

The directed movement of membrane-bounded vesicles from endosomes back to the trans-Golgi network where they are recycled for further rounds of transport.

Any epigenetic process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of gene expression.

A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 63 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K63-linked ubiquitination does not target the substrate protein for degradation, but is involved in several pathways, notably as a signal to promote error-free DNA postreplication repair.

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-2 secretion.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral release from host cell.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral transcription.

Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.

The ubiquitination by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues, or residues on an identical protein. Ubiquitination occurs on the lysine residue by formation of an isopeptide crosslink.

The formation of a protein trimer, a macromolecular structure consisting of three noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II.

Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production.

The actin nucleation process in which actin monomers combine to form a new branch on the side of an existing actin filament; mediated by the Arp2/3 protein complex and its interaction with other proteins.

The actin nucleation process in which actin monomers combine to form a new branch on the side of an existing actin filament; mediated by the Arp2/3 protein complex and its interaction with other proteins.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon.

The directed movement of membrane-bounded vesicles from endosomes back to the trans-Golgi network where they are recycled for further rounds of transport.

The directed movement of membrane-bounded vesicles from endosomes back to the trans-Golgi network where they are recycled for further rounds of transport.

Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.

Any epigenetic process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of gene expression.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the entry of viral entry into a host cell.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of viral entry into the host cell.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cytokines from a cell.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation, the initial step in the formation of an actin filament in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament.

A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of interferon-gamma to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Interferon gamma is the only member of the type II interferon found so far.

A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 63 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K63-linked ubiquitination does not target the substrate protein for degradation, but is involved in several pathways, notably as a signal to promote error-free DNA postreplication repair.

A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 63 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K63-linked ubiquitination does not target the substrate protein for degradation, but is involved in several pathways, notably as a signal to promote error-free DNA postreplication repair.

The regulated release of interferon-gamma from a cell.

The regulated release of interferon-gamma from a cell.

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle.

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-2 secretion.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-2 secretion.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral release from host cell.

Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain.

Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain.

Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a T cell.

Addition of a single ubiquitin group to a protein.

Addition of a single ubiquitin group to a protein.

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm.

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm.

The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein.

The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein.

Any process that decreases the stability of a protein, making it more vulnerable to degradative processes or aggregation.

Any process that decreases the stability of a protein, making it more vulnerable to degradative processes or aggregation.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon type I production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon.

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of viral entry into the host cell.

The ubiquitination by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues, or residues on an identical protein. Ubiquitination occurs on the lysine residue by formation of an isopeptide crosslink.

The ubiquitination by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues, or residues on an identical protein. Ubiquitination occurs on the lysine residue by formation of an isopeptide crosslink.

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of protein deubiquitination. Protein deubiquitination is the removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein.

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of protein deubiquitination. Protein deubiquitination is the removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral release from host cell.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway.

Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein.

Addition of a single ubiquitin group to a protein.

The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids.

The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm.

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade.

The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances.

Any process that decreases the stability of a protein, making it more vulnerable to degradative processes or aggregation.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 beta production.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-12 production.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of regulatory T cells.

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the entry of viral entry into a host cell.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the entry of viral entry into a host cell.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of viral entry into the host cell.

The regulated release of cytokines from a cell. Cytokines are any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cytokines from a cell.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the generation of cells within the nervous system.

The expansion of a T cell population following activation by an antigenic stimulus.

A series of molecular signals initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B.

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the androgen receptor signaling pathway.

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the androgen receptor signaling pathway.

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte enucleation.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha.

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of protein deubiquitination. Protein deubiquitination is the removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear migration along microtubule.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

Any signalling pathway that decreases or inhibits the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G1 phase to S phase of the mitotic cell cycle.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome.

A structure found most metazoan nucleoli, but not usually found in lower eukaryotes; surrounded by the dense fibrillar component; the zone of transcription from multiple copies of the pre-rRNA genes is in the border region between these two structures.

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.

Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the nucleus and form the nuclear envelope; excludes the intermembrane space.

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome.

A structure found most metazoan nucleoli, but not usually found in lower eukaryotes; surrounded by the dense fibrillar component; the zone of transcription from multiple copies of the pre-rRNA genes is in the border region between these two structures.

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.

A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the nucleus and form the nuclear envelope; excludes the intermembrane space.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.

A macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules.

That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.

A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.

Any multimeric complex connected to a microtubule.

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.

A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell.