The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hemoglobin, an oxygen carrying, conjugated protein containing four heme groups and globin.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton).

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ovarian follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ovarian follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ovarian follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M).

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. This process includes signal transduction in the receiving cell and, where applicable, release of a ligand and any processes that actively facilitate its transport and presentation to the receiving cell. Examples include signaling via soluble ligands, via cell adhesion molecules and via gap junctions.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.

The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires specializes features of an erythrocyte.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation.

Any process that stops, prevents or decreases the rate of addition of phosphate groups to a molecule.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hemoglobin, an oxygen carrying, conjugated protein containing four heme groups and globin.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hemoglobin, an oxygen carrying, conjugated protein containing four heme groups and globin.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interferon-gamma.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of B cell differentiation.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.

Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.

Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.

Heterodimeric hormone composed of an inhibin alpha subunit complexed with an inhibin beta-A subunit.

The outer segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor that contains a stack of membrane discs embedded with photoreceptor proteins.

The outer segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor that contains a stack of membrane discs embedded with photoreceptor proteins.

The inner segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor containing mitochondria, ribosomes and membranes where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment discs.

The inner segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor containing mitochondria, ribosomes and membranes where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment discs.

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

A protein complex that consists of inhibin, type III transforming growth factor beta receptor (also known as betaglycan), and the type II activin receptor ActRII. The complex is thought to negatively regulate the activity of activin B.

A protein complex that consists of inhibin, type III transforming growth factor beta receptor (also known as betaglycan), and the type II activin receptor ActRII. The complex is thought to negatively regulate the activity of activin B.

The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.

The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.

Heterodimeric hormone composed of an inhibin alpha subunit complexed with an inhibin beta-A subunit.

Heterodimeric hormone composed of an inhibin alpha subunit complexed with an inhibin beta-B subunit.

Heterodimeric hormone composed of an inhibin alpha subunit complexed with an inhibin beta-B subunit.