The name of this superfamily has been modified since the most recent official CATH+ release (v4_3_0). At the point of the last release, this superfamily was named:

"
Cystine-knot cytokines
".

Functional Families

Overview of the Structural Clusters (SC) and Functional Families within this CATH Superfamily. Clusters with a representative structure are represented by a filled circle.
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FunFam 15: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor

Please note: GO annotations are assigned to the full protein sequence rather than individual protein domains. Since a given protein can contain multiple domains, it is possible that some of the annotations below come from additional domains that occur in the same protein, but have been classified elsewhere in CATH.

There are 17 GO terms relating to "molecular function"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Protein homodimerization activity GO:0042803
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
6 P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) Q07731 (/IDA) Q07731 (/IDA)
Protein binding GO:0005515
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
5 P39905 (/IPI) P39905 (/IPI) P39905 (/IPI) P39905 (/IPI) Q98TU0 (/IPI)
Protein homodimerization activity GO:0042803
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
5 P48540 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Signaling receptor binding GO:0005102
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
4 P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS)
Chemoattractant activity involved in axon guidance GO:1902379
Any chemoattractant activity that is involved in axon guidance.
4 P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS)
Growth factor activity GO:0008083
The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation.
2 Q07731 (/IDA) Q07731 (/IDA)
Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor binding GO:0030116
A growth factor that binds selectively and non-covalently to glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptors.
2 Q07731 (/IPI) Q07731 (/IPI)
Receptor tyrosine kinase binding GO:0030971
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor that possesses protein tyrosine kinase activity.
2 Q07731 (/IPI) Q07731 (/IPI)
Receptor ligand activity GO:0048018
The activity of a gene product that interacts with a receptor to effect a change in the activity of the receptor. Ligands may be produced by the same, or different, cell that expresses the receptor. Ligands may diffuse extracellularly from their point of origin to the receiving cell, or remain attached to an adjacent cell surface (e.g. Notch ligands).
2 Q07731 (/IMP) Q07731 (/IMP)
MAP kinase kinase kinase activity GO:0004709
Catalysis of the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase kinase; each MAP kinase kinase can be phosphorylated by any of several MAP kinase kinase kinases.
1 Q98TU0 (/IDA)
Transforming growth factor beta receptor binding GO:0005160
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the transforming growth factor beta receptor.
1 P48540 (/TAS)
Growth factor activity GO:0008083
The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor binding GO:0030116
A growth factor that binds selectively and non-covalently to glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptors.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Receptor tyrosine kinase binding GO:0030971
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor that possesses protein tyrosine kinase activity.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Protein homodimerization activity GO:0042803
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Protein dimerization activity GO:0046983
The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits.
1 Q98TU0 (/IDA)
Receptor ligand activity GO:0048018
The activity of a gene product that interacts with a receptor to effect a change in the activity of the receptor. Ligands may be produced by the same, or different, cell that expresses the receptor. Ligands may diffuse extracellularly from their point of origin to the receiving cell, or remain attached to an adjacent cell surface (e.g. Notch ligands).
1 P48540 (/ISO)

There are 102 GO terms relating to "biological process"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Metanephros development GO:0001656
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.
8 P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis GO:0001658
The process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules.
8 P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Postganglionic parasympathetic fiber development GO:0021784
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the postganglionic portion of the parasympathetic fiber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The parasympathetic fiber is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibers from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. Most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The parasympathetic system innervates, for example: salivary glands, thoracic and abdominal viscera, bladder and genitalia.
8 P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Peristalsis GO:0030432
A wavelike sequence of involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation that passes along a tubelike structure, such as the intestine, impelling the contents onwards.
8 P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Enteric nervous system development GO:0048484
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the enteric nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The enteric nervous system is composed of two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The enteric nervous system innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gall bladder. It contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Thus the circuitry can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport. The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation.
8 P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Sympathetic nervous system development GO:0048485
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sympathetic nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The sympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system (the other being the parasympathetic nervous system). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and connect to the paravertebral chain of sympathetic ganglia. Innervate heart and blood vessels, sweat glands, viscera and the adrenal medulla. Most sympathetic neurons, but not all, use noradrenaline as a post-ganglionic neurotransmitter.
8 P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Regulation of morphogenesis of a branching structure GO:0060688
Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of branching morphogenesis, the process in which the anatomical structures of branches are generated and organized.
8 P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Nervous system development GO:0007399
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
6 P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) Q07731 (/TAS) Q07731 (/TAS)
Positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis GO:0090190
Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis, the process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules.
6 P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) Q07731 (/IDA) Q07731 (/IDA)
Neural crest cell migration GO:0001755
The characteristic movement of cells from the dorsal ridge of the neural tube to a variety of locations in a vertebrate embryo.
5 P48540 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Neuron projection development GO:0031175
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
5 P48540 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Positive regulation of monooxygenase activity GO:0032770
Any process that activates or increases the activity of a monooxygenase.
5 P48540 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process GO:0043524
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.
5 P48540 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II GO:0045944
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
5 P48540 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
MRNA stabilization GO:0048255
Prevention of degradation of mRNA molecules. In the absence of compensating changes in other processes, the slowing of mRNA degradation can result in an overall increase in the population of active mRNA molecules.
5 P48540 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission GO:0051584
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the catecholamine neurotransmitter dopamine into a cell.
5 P48540 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Positive regulation of ureteric bud formation GO:0072107
Any process that increases the rate or extent of the developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ureteric bud from the Wolffian duct.
5 P48540 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
MAPK cascade GO:0000165
An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain an additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinase in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
4 P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS)
Neural crest cell migration GO:0001755
The characteristic movement of cells from the dorsal ridge of the neural tube to a variety of locations in a vertebrate embryo.
4 P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA)
Signal transduction GO:0007165
The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
4 P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS)
Axon guidance GO:0007411
The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.
4 P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS)
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation GO:0008284
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
4 P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA)
Adult locomotory behavior GO:0008344
Locomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism.
4 P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS)
Regulation of gene expression GO:0010468
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
4 P39905 (/IGI) P39905 (/IGI) P39905 (/IGI) P39905 (/IGI)
Dorsal spinal cord development GO:0021516
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dorsal region of the spinal cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dorsal region of the mature spinal cord contains neurons that process and relay sensory input.
4 P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS)
Neuron projection development GO:0031175
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
4 P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA)
Neuron projection development GO:0031175
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
4 P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS)
Positive regulation of monooxygenase activity GO:0032770
Any process that activates or increases the activity of a monooxygenase.
4 P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of dopamine secretion GO:0033603
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine.
4 P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS)
Negative regulation of apoptotic process GO:0043066
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
4 P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS)
Negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process GO:0043524
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.
4 P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of cell differentiation GO:0045597
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation.
4 P39905 (/IGI) P39905 (/IGI) P39905 (/IGI) P39905 (/IGI)
Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II GO:0045944
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
4 P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA)
MRNA stabilization GO:0048255
Prevention of degradation of mRNA molecules. In the absence of compensating changes in other processes, the slowing of mRNA degradation can result in an overall increase in the population of active mRNA molecules.
4 P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA)
Embryonic organ development GO:0048568
Development, taking place during the embryonic phase, of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.
4 P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS)
Regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission GO:0051584
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the catecholamine neurotransmitter dopamine into a cell.
4 P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA)
Commissural neuron axon guidance GO:0071679
The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a commissural neuron is directed to its target in the brain in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.
4 P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS)
Positive regulation of ureteric bud formation GO:0072107
Any process that increases the rate or extent of the developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ureteric bud from the Wolffian duct.
4 P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA)
Regulation of stem cell differentiation GO:2000736
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell differentiation.
4 P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS)
Negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand GO:2001240
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand.
4 P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA)
Regulation of semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway GO:2001260
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway.
4 P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS) P39905 (/ISS)
Positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis GO:0090190
Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis, the process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules.
3 P48540 (/IMP) Q07731 (/IMP) Q07731 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis GO:0090190
Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis, the process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules.
3 P48540 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis GO:0003337
A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros.
2 Q07731 (/IDA) Q07731 (/IDA)
Cell population proliferation GO:0008283
The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.
2 Q07731 (/IDA) Q07731 (/IDA)
Male gonad development GO:0008584
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
2 Q07731 (/IEP) Q07731 (/IEP)
Response to wounding GO:0009611
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism.
2 Q07731 (/IDA) Q07731 (/IDA)
Neuron differentiation GO:0030182
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron.
2 Q07731 (/IDA) Q07731 (/IDA)
Midbrain development GO:0030901
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midbrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midbrain is the middle division of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes a ventral part containing the cerebral peduncles and a dorsal tectum containing the corpora quadrigemina and that surrounds the aqueduct of Sylvius connecting the third and fourth ventricles).
2 Q07731 (/IEP) Q07731 (/IEP)
Enteric nervous system development GO:0048484
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the enteric nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The enteric nervous system is composed of two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The enteric nervous system innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gall bladder. It contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Thus the circuitry can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport. The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation.
2 P48540 (/IMP) Q98TU0 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0050731
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.
2 Q07731 (/IMP) Q07731 (/IMP)
Retina development in camera-type eye GO:0060041
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The retina is the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates.
2 Q07731 (/IEP) Q07731 (/IEP)
Kidney morphogenesis GO:0060993
Morphogenesis of a kidney. A kidney is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.
2 F1NPM2 (/NAS) Q9IAM3 (/NAS)
Cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus GO:0071549
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dexamethasone stimulus.
2 Q07731 (/IDA) Q07731 (/IDA)
Regulation of ureteric bud formation GO:0072106
Any process that modulates the developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ureteric bud from the Wolffian duct.
2 Q07731 (/IDA) Q07731 (/IDA)
Metanephros development GO:0001656
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.
1 P48540 (/IGI)
Metanephros development GO:0001656
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.
1 P48540 (/IMP)
Ureteric bud development GO:0001657
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ureteric bud over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
1 P48540 (/IDA)
Ureteric bud development GO:0001657
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ureteric bud over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
1 P48540 (/IGI)
Branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis GO:0001658
The process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules.
1 P48540 (/IDA)
Branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis GO:0001658
The process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules.
1 P48540 (/IMP)
Neural crest cell migration GO:0001755
The characteristic movement of cells from the dorsal ridge of the neural tube to a variety of locations in a vertebrate embryo.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Organ induction GO:0001759
The interaction of two or more cells or tissues that causes them to change their fates and specify the development of an organ.
1 P48540 (/IGI)
Postsynaptic membrane organization GO:0001941
A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a postsynaptic membrane, the specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft).
1 P48540 (/IDA)
Mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis GO:0003337
A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros.
1 P48540 (/IEP)
Mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis GO:0003337
A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway GO:0007169
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
1 P48540 (/TAS)
Transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway GO:0007179
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
1 P48540 (/TAS)
Nervous system development GO:0007399
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
1 P48540 (/IMP)
Peripheral nervous system development GO:0007422
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the peripheral nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The peripheral nervous system is one of the two major divisions of the nervous system. Nerves in the PNS connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands.
1 P48540 (/IMP)
Cell population proliferation GO:0008283
The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation GO:0008284
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Response to wounding GO:0009611
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Regulation of gene expression GO:0010468
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Dorsal spinal cord development GO:0021516
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dorsal region of the spinal cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dorsal region of the mature spinal cord contains neurons that process and relay sensory input.
1 P48540 (/IMP)
Postganglionic parasympathetic fiber development GO:0021784
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the postganglionic portion of the parasympathetic fiber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The parasympathetic fiber is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibers from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. Most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The parasympathetic system innervates, for example: salivary glands, thoracic and abdominal viscera, bladder and genitalia.
1 P48540 (/IMP)
Neuron differentiation GO:0030182
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Peristalsis GO:0030432
A wavelike sequence of involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation that passes along a tubelike structure, such as the intestine, impelling the contents onwards.
1 P48540 (/IMP)
Neuron projection development GO:0031175
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of monooxygenase activity GO:0032770
Any process that activates or increases the activity of a monooxygenase.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process GO:0043524
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.
1 P48540 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process GO:0043524
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of cell differentiation GO:0045597
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II GO:0045944
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
MRNA stabilization GO:0048255
Prevention of degradation of mRNA molecules. In the absence of compensating changes in other processes, the slowing of mRNA degradation can result in an overall increase in the population of active mRNA molecules.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Enteric nervous system development GO:0048484
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the enteric nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The enteric nervous system is composed of two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The enteric nervous system innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gall bladder. It contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Thus the circuitry can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport. The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation.
1 P48540 (/IDA)
Sympathetic nervous system development GO:0048485
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sympathetic nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The sympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system (the other being the parasympathetic nervous system). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and connect to the paravertebral chain of sympathetic ganglia. Innervate heart and blood vessels, sweat glands, viscera and the adrenal medulla. Most sympathetic neurons, but not all, use noradrenaline as a post-ganglionic neurotransmitter.
1 P48540 (/IMP)
Embryonic organ development GO:0048568
Development, taking place during the embryonic phase, of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.
1 P48540 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0050731
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission GO:0051584
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the catecholamine neurotransmitter dopamine into a cell.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Ureteric bud formation GO:0060676
The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ureteric bud from the Wolffian duct. This process begins when the bud protrudes from the duct and ends when it is a recognizable bud.
1 P48540 (/IMP)
Regulation of morphogenesis of a branching structure GO:0060688
Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of branching morphogenesis, the process in which the anatomical structures of branches are generated and organized.
1 P48540 (/IDA)
Protein-containing complex assembly GO:0065003
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a protein-containing complex.
1 Q98TU0 (/IPI)
Cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus GO:0071549
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dexamethasone stimulus.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Commissural neuron axon guidance GO:0071679
The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a commissural neuron is directed to its target in the brain in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.
1 P48540 (/IGI)
Regulation of ureteric bud formation GO:0072106
Any process that modulates the developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ureteric bud from the Wolffian duct.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of ureteric bud formation GO:0072107
Any process that increases the rate or extent of the developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ureteric bud from the Wolffian duct.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis GO:0072108
Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity, forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros.
1 P48540 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis GO:0090190
Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis, the process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Neural crest cell migration involved in autonomic nervous system development GO:1901166
Any neural crest cell migration that is involved in autonomic nervous system development.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand GO:2001240
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Regulation of semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway GO:2001260
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway.
1 P48540 (/IGI)

There are 9 GO terms relating to "cellular component"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Extracellular region GO:0005576
The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
6 P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) P39905 (/TAS) Q07731 (/TAS) Q07731 (/TAS)
Extracellular region GO:0005576
The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
5 P48540 (/ISS) Q06PM8 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q07731 (/ISS) Q98TU0 (/ISS)
Extracellular region GO:0005576
The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
4 P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA) P39905 (/IDA)
Extracellular space GO:0005615
That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
2 Q07731 (/IDA) Q07731 (/IDA)
Extracellular space GO:0005615
That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
2 Q07731 (/IMP) Q07731 (/IMP)
Receptor complex GO:0043235
Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
2 Q07731 (/IDA) Q07731 (/IDA)
Extracellular region GO:0005576
The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Extracellular space GO:0005615
That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
1 P48540 (/ISO)
Receptor complex GO:0043235
Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
1 P48540 (/ISO)