CATH Classification

Domain Context

CATH Clusters

Superfamily 2.40.128.20
Functional Family Violaxanthin de-epoxidase, chloroplastic

Enzyme Information

1.23.5.1
Violaxanthin de-epoxidase.
based on mapping to UniProt Q39249
Violaxanthin + 2 L-ascorbate = antheraxanthin + 2 L-dehydroascorbate + H(2)O.
-!- Along with EC 1.14.15.21, this enzyme forms part of the xanthophyll (or violaxanthin) cycle for controlling the concentration of zeaxanthin in chloroplasts. -!- It is activated by a low pH of the thylakoid lumen (produced by high light intensity). -!- Zeaxanthin induces the dissipation of excitation energy in the chlorophyll of the light-harvesting protein complex of photosystem II. -!- In higher plants the enzyme reacts with all-trans-diepoxides, such as violaxanthin, and all-trans-monoepoxides, but in the alga Mantoniella squamata, only the diepoxides are good substrates. -!- Formerly EC 1.10.99.3.

UniProtKB Entries (1)

Q39249
VDE_ARATH
Arabidopsis thaliana
Violaxanthin de-epoxidase, chloroplastic

PDB Structure

PDB 3CQR
External Links
Method X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Organism
Primary Citation
A structural basis for the pH-dependent xanthophyll cycle in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Arnoux, P., Morosinotto, T., Saga, G., Bassi, R., Pignol, D.
Plant Cell